Google’s advanced-research lab said it is developing a system of drones to deliver goods with its Project Wing prototype. Photo: Google

The latest endeavor to emerge from


Google Inc.



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‘s advanced-research lab is flying into a field buzzing with competitors.

Google X said Thursday it is developing a system of drones to deliver goods. Rival


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is also testing delivery drones, and


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tested delivering pies via drone in 2013.

Google said a 5-foot-wide single-wing prototype from its Project Wing carried supplies including candy bars, dog treats, cattle vaccines, water and radios to two farmers in Queensland, Australia, earlier this month.

WSJD is the Journal’s home for tech news, analysis and product reviews.

Google’s drones are 2½ feet high and have four propellers that move into different positions for different stages of flight. Packages fit into a gap in the middle of the wing. Google said it began test flights last year.

The rush to the skies comes despite the fact that commercial drone use is mostly banned in the U.S. The Federal Aviation Administration is considering regulations to change that and in June approved the first commercial drone flight over land—for energy giant


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PLC in Alaska. But the regulator is moving carefully because the technology is potentially dangerous and raises privacy concerns.

Google began working on drones in 2011 and said it expected it would “take years to develop a service with multiple vehicles flying multiple deliveries per day.”



cat

Google says these planes will have more in common with the Google self-driving car than the remote-controlled airplanes people fly in parks on weekends.
Google

Google aims to have the drones flying programmed routes at altitudes of 130 feet to 200 feet with the push of a button. Precise navigation will be needed to pick the most efficient routes while controlling noise, respecting the privacy and safety of people on the ground and delivering items to an area the size of a doorstep, Google said.

A YouTube video released by Google shows Australian farmers ordering dog food. The drone takes off vertically, with its single wing pointing to the sky. Once in the air, the wing turns into a horizontal position and the vehicle flies fast, more like an airplane than a hovering, helicopter-like drone.

Google X works on long-term, risky projects with big potential payoffs, which Chief Executive

Larry Page

calls moonshots. The company hopes its drones will create new economic growth opportunities by moving goods around more efficiently.

Google hired

Nick Roy,

an associate professor of aeronautics and astronautics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, in July 2012 to head the project. Mr. Roy returned to


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this month and Dave Vos, a veteran in automated aviation systems, joined Project Wing to work on turning the prototype into a commercial product, Google said.

Amazon said late last year it was testing delivering packages using drones. Earlier this year the e-commerce giant asked the FAA to test the vehicles in open U.S. airspace.

Amazon’s initial prototypes looked like a typical drone, with small rotor blades arranged in a square.

The company hopes the helicopter-like vehicles will be able to drop-off items generally weighing less than 5 pounds within a 10-mile radius of its warehouses in about 30 minutes.

Amazon has acknowledged that regulatory approval could take several years. Along with Google and drone makers DJI Innovations, Parrot SA and 3D Robotics, it retained Akin Gump Strauss Hauer Feld LLP to help lobby the government on civilian use of drones.

“I don’t know that Google is much better positioned than Amazon or anyone else in terms of technology, but the company has a track record of being influential in terms of policy,” said

Ryan Calo,

a law professor at the University of Washington who studies robotics and privacy.

Earlier this year, the FAA said it didn’t contemplate autonomous drone delivery, effectively grounding Google’s and Amazon’s ambitions for now, Mr. Calo noted. However, he said having both Google and Amazon working to change the FAA’s view increased their chances of success.

Commercial drone use by these companies faces legal and practical headwinds. Legal experts have questioned the legality of operating drones within homeowners’ airspace and raised insurance issues.

Write to Alistair Barr at alistair.barr@wsj.com and Greg Bensinger at greg.bensinger@wsj.com